The role of diet in the occurrence and prevention, primary and secondary education, calculations of the gallbladder and biliary tract is often overlooked because of the numerous risk factors that come into play in the origin of this disease. Moreover, most diseases have multifactorial origin, which explains why some people - while following a diet rather unruly at high risk for developing certain diseases - never go in against these diseases, and vice versa. Nevertheless, data in hand, it is clear that certain dietary habits and vested with particular lifestyles, more than others, a major role in the etiopathogenesis of some diseases.
Regarding the calculations of the gallbladder and bile ducts, these risk factors are reflected in overweight, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and an excessive intake of animal fats and carbohydrates, as opposed to an insufficient intake of fiber, especially of those that are soluble. Beyond these elements, rather common in the literature reviewed, there are many disputes about what are the foods, and dietary habits in general, useful in the prevention of calculations of the gallbladder and biliary tract.
Among the accepted scientific evidence fairly unanimous, it seems that increased physical activity and the gradual reduction in body weight items are quite useful in the prophylaxis of this disease. As noted, the weight loss should be gradual and not too abrupt, element - the latter - which seems to increase the risk of formation of these crystal aggregates (concrete reductions in weight exceeding 1.5 kg per week, typical consequence of the "diets yo-yo "). Even prolonged fasting seems - by increasing the residence time of bile in the gallbladder - induce the appearance of gallstones, what justifies the advice to eat small, frequent meals to prevent its onset.
Among other factors protective of calculations of the gallbladder and bile ducts, is fully part of the preference for monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats (from the consumption of fish oil, vegetable oils, like olive oil, and nuts, as almonds or walnuts) with respect to saturated fats (animal, like butter. lard and fatty meat in general and dairy products). Even the vegetarian diet, and in general the preference for vegetable protein than animal, has been reported as a positive factor in the prevention of gallstones. Finally, the consumption of coffee - caffeinated strictly - or the integration of caffeine, might prove useful in preventing this disease.
With regard to the etiology of dietary calculations of the gallbladder is assumed that the high dietary intake of sugars, in addition to predispose to obesity, increases the synthesis of cholesterol as a consequence of the increased insulin stimulation. We recall in this regard, as the supersaturation of cholesterol in the bile, resulting in precipitation of the lipid, is one of the most important factors leading to the formation of gallstones. Such precipitation can be given either the excess of lipid in itself, both for the lack of substances which keep it in solution (such as phospholipids and bile salts).
The levels of cholesterol in the body, of course, also increase for the direct input of animal fats and hydrogenated fats in the diet, but also for the shortage of dietary fiber, which reduces the absorption of dietary cholesterol that is enteric than biliary . On the other hand, that a diet rich in vegetable fibers, such as bran, lowers the saturation of bile, is known for some time now. Given that poured out of the cholesterol in the bile duct in the form of bile acids excreted in feces, including constipation appears to predispose to the development of gallstones. By contrast, the intake of soy lecithin (rich in phospholipids) may facilitate the maintenance of biliary cholesterol in solution, preventing the formation of the calculations. The specific inclusion of vitamin C would seem useful in terms of prevention.
Of course, as with any emerging evidence in the article, the conditional is a must, since the onset of ureteral many other factors come into play, such as genetic predisposition, diabetes, and certain drugs to estrogen (replacement therapy in menopause and birth control pills), which increase the concentration of cholesterol in the gallbladder and decrease its contractility.
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